A Loos-lead team reports that “Although chemical signaling is an essential mode of communication in most vertebrates, it has long been viewed as having negligible effects in humans. However, a growing body of evidence shows that the sense of smell affects human behavior in social contexts ranging from affiliation and parenting to disease avoidance and social threat. . . . social volatiles [scents] affect communication in various domains of human social life, including cooperation, mate choice, parenting, and emotional state.…